Programa del congreso

Este trabajo se presenta en el contexto del estudio, desde una perspectiva bioeléctrica, de las enfermedades neurodegenerativas relacionadas con los efectos de la demielinización sobre la transmisión de impulsos nerviosos. Mediante una sencilla ecuación de línea de transmisión unidimensional para modelar la membrana pasiva, acoplada con la bomba de regeneración activa de los nódulos de Ranvier, se calcula el umbral de densidad de corriente de despolarización, junto con los niveles de atenuación y velocidad de propagación. Aunque los resultados son comparables con niveles fisiológicos, la revisión de la transmisión en el axón es necesaria para justificar los comportamientos dinámicos que se conocen de otras disciplinas.

This research aims to utilize dielectric spectroscopy in a frequency range of 1 to 8 GHz for the classification of 5 types of breast tumors. The experiment was conducted with data from 70 patients, considering surgeries such as mastectomies and lumpectomies. The measurement environment type was controlled, taking into account the extraction time, measurement pressure, and temperature. The final results showed that benign tumors have permittivity values below 35, while malignant tumors range between 40 and 60, with variabilities greater than 50% between each tumor type. These results highlight the effectiveness of these measurements in breast tumor classification, providing a valuable tool for rapid and accurate diagnosis and effective treatment, complementary to pathological examinations.

This work presents the measurement of permittivity in biological materials using an open-ended coaxial probe fabricated from a simple SMA connector. The study investigates liquids and biological tissues within the microwave frequency range. Results from measurements on polar reference liquids demonstrate satisfactory agreement with literature values and a commercial system, validating the proposed system's efficacy. Analysis of the employed models reveals that the capacitive model satisfactorily predicts the real part of permittivity, while the radiation model effectively predicts the imaginary part. Measurements on commercially acquired biological tissues show coherent and similar qualitative results to those obtained with commercial systems. This research contributes to the development of accessible and cost-effective methods for permittivity measurement in biomedical engineering and related fields.

This study focuses on the characterization of the dielectric stability of mixtures designed to simulate different levels of breast density and the presence of tumor tissues. These mixtures comprise common ingredients like water, oil, detergent, and gelatin, selected for their ability to emulate the electrical properties of breast tissues. The aim is to investigate whether these mixtures undergo any degradation in their dielectric properties over time, which could affect their usefulness as breast tissue models in medical applications. Results indicate that these mixtures exhibit stable dielectric properties over an observation period of approximately thirty days. Additionally, the study explores the modulation of material conductivity at low frequencies by adding sodium chloride, revealing a linear increase in ionic conductivity with salt concentration. This finding suggests that the conductivity of these mixtures can be adjusted to levels exhibited by mammary tissues, enhancing their versatility in simulating a wider range of breast tissue conditions.